Ukr.Biochem.J. 2020; Том 92, № 6, листопад-грудень, c. 5-52
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj92.06.005
Полювання вчених на коронавірус SARS-COV-2: стратегії подолання пандемії
С. В. Комісаренко
Інститут біохімії ім. О. В. Палладіна НАН України, Київ;
e-mail: svk@biochem.kiev/ua
Коронавірус SARS-CoV-2 викликає коронавірусне захворювання 2019 року (COVID-19), яке у 2020 році стало пандемією та глобальною загрозою для усього світу. На 10 січня, 2021 року 218 країн та територій доповіли про 90,783 мільйонів підтверджених випадків захворювання та 1,945 мільйонів смертей. Метою цієї статті було коротко оглянути і проаналізувати численну інформацію про цей вірус та захворювання COVID-19 та надати загальне уявлення про відповідні проблеми. Зокрема, навести інформацію про біологію коронавірусу, його походження, структуру та шляхи поширення, про властивості і особливості захворювання COVID-19, його діагностику, створення ліків та формування імунітету. Особливу увагу приділено створенню вакцин проти SARS-CoV-2 та ефективності протиепідемічних заходів (карантину). Також обговорено можливості математичного моделювання епідемічного процесу та перспективи скасування карантину. Нарешті, наведені дані щодо небезпечного варіанту VOC 2020 12/1 мутації вірусу, яка призвела до його інтенсивного поширення та можливий вплив цієї мутації на існуючу діагностику вірусу та на вакцинацію проти нього.
Ключові слова: вакцини, діагностика COVID-19, моделі епідемічного процесу. варіант SARS-CoV-2 - VOC 2020 12/1, пандемія COVID-19, противірусний імунітет, слова: SARS-CoV-2 коронавірус, шляхи зараження
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