Ukr.Biochem.J. 2025; Том 97, № 5, вересень-жовтень, c. 102-115

doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj97.05.102

Відділ нейрохімії з 1925 року до наших днів

15.04.2026   Uncategorized

Н. Крисанова, Н. Позднякова*

Інститут біохімії ім. О. В. Палладіна НАН України, відділ нейрохімії, Київ;
*e-mail: nataly.pozdniakova@gmail.com

Отримано: 11 червня 2025; Виправлено: 14 серпня 2025;
Затверджено: 30 жовтня 2025; Доступно онлайн: 02 грудня 2025

Описано діяльність відділу нейрохімії з 1925 року до сьогодні. Основними науковими напрямками досліджень відділу біохімії нервової системи до 1982 року були: вивчення хімічної топографії нервової системи; вивчення субклітинної та суборганоїдної локалізації нейроспецифічних протеїнів; дослідження впливу психотропних речовин на метаболізм азоту, вуглеводів та протеїнів у структурах нервової системи; вивчення мембранної організації та механізмів функціонування ензимних систем активного транспорту натрію, калію та кальцію в нервових клітинах. З 1982 року дослідження відділу зосереджені переважно на таких напрямках: біогенез мембранних та секреторних протеїнів; дослідження нейроспецифічних протеїнів; дослідження плазматичних мембран, що безпосередньо беруть участь у генерації та передачі нервових сигналів. З 2010 року дослідження відділу нейрохімії спрямовані на вирішення наступних актуальних проблем: з’ясування ролі структурної організації мембрани та ліпід-протеїнових взаємодій у регулюванні процесу передачі нервових сигналів; з’ясування ролі пресинаптичних рецепторів у регулюванні ключових етапів процесу нейротрансмісії та визначення шляхів модулювання системи рецепції нейромедіаторів; пошук та ідентифікація природних мембранотропних та нейроактивних сполук; аналіз молекулярних механізмів дії мембранотропних та нейроактивних препаратів; космічна біологія, а саме розробка методу визначення токсичності планетарного пилу; нанотехнології, а саме синтез та аналіз нейроактивного ефекту наночастинок; екологічна нейротоксикологія, а саме вивчення нейротоксичної дії забруднювачів навколишнього середовища та розробка шляхів подолання їх шкідливого впливу.

Ключові слова: , , , , , ,

Посилання:

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