Ukr.Biochem.J. 2024; Том 96, № 5, вересень-жовтень, c. 79-95

doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj96.05.079

Показники вуглеводного обміну та стану антиоксидантної системи за проростання старого насіння пшениці та тритикале, обробленого донором H(2)S

07.04.2025   Uncategorized   No comments

Т. О. Ястреб1, О. І. Кокорев1, А. І. Дяченко2,
М. В. Шевченко3, М. М. Маренич4, Ю. Є. Колупаєв1,4*

1Інститут рослинництва ім. В. Я. Юр’єва НААН, Харків, Україна;
2Інститут клітинної біології та генетичної інженерії НАН України, Київ;
3Державний біотехнологічний університет, Харків, Україна;
4Полтавський державний аграрний університет, Україна
*e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net

Отримано: 06 серпня 2024; Виправлено: 03 вересня 2024;
Затверджено: 07 жовтня 2024; Доступно онлайн: 28 жовтня 2024

Гідроген сульфід (H2S) є молекулою-газотрансмітером, яка бере участь у реалізації багатьох функцій рослинного організму, включно з проростанням насіння. Показано, що старіння насіння супроводжується окислювальним стресом і зниженням схожості. Вплив екзогенного H2S на проростання старого насіння злаків не досліджувався. Мета роботи полягала у дослідженні впливу праймування NaHS як донора H2S на насіння пшениці та тритикале, які попередньо зазнали природного старіння. Насіння озимої пшениці (Triticum aestivum) та озимого ×Triticosecale зберігалося в приміщенні протягом 4 років за змінних температури та вологості. Постаріле насіння обробляли 0,2-5 мМ розчином NaHS протягом 3 годин і пророщували в чашках Петрі протягом 3 днів. Як контроль використовували обробку водою (гідропраймінг). Визначали активність амілази в зерні, біомасу пагонів і коренів, вміст загальних цукрів, Н2О2, продуктів пероксидного окислення ліпідів та антоціанів, а також активність антиоксидантних ензимів у проростках. Показано, що після обробки донором H2S активність каталази і гваяколпероксидази, а також вміст антоціанів зростали лише в проростках тритикале. Водночас обробка насіння обох видів злаків супрово­джувалася посиленням росту пагонів і коренів, підвищенням активності амілази та супероксиддисмутази, зниженням вмісту Н2О2 і МДА, а також підвищеним накопиченням цукрів у пагонах. Зроблено висновок, що підвищення схожості старого насіння злаків під впливом донора H2S зумовлене посиленням мобілізації резервних вуглеводів та модуляцією активності антиоксидантної системи. Таку обробку можна розглядати як ефективний інструмент для покращення росту проростків.

Ключові слова: , , , , , , ,

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